Help on POV animation

KB,
The only animation I worked with in Pov was one of the samples, and didn’t get into it very much. Wish I could help more.

Les

I have been trying to learn POVray on its own and seem to keep missing the part on how to animate the render. Have entered +KFF10 ito the command line but I thought I read that you have to view the animation in another program-just can’t find that part again- can someone point me in the right direction.

Correct me if I’m wrong, but POVray (by itself) only
generated single frames (means: .bmp/.tga/etc.
files), and if you want watch the animation you
need to compile them to .avi, .mpg or whatever
by using other programs?

There are too many animation makers to list here,
some free, some very expensive.

From free tools I’ve liked pjBmp2Avi. For commercial
tools I can’t recommend anything. I’ve used several,
but those are bundled with other applications/features, so if you want standalone application, I propose that you think through your needs and your budget first…

I forgot to mention, there are several free gif
animators (they produce animated .gif-files
as seem even on these pages).

And, all in all, animating a sequence of frames
is quite simple. It’s worthwhile to learn, in my
humble opinion. If you have for example
pjBmp2Avi and some frames to animate, it
is only two dialogs to fill in to get an .avi file…
Then you need only Media Player for viewing.

Good luck,
Markku Myllymaki

Thanks for answering. I wanted to see a running water file made for POVray, with comments on changing the vectors, gravity settings, etc. Occasionally its fun to just run something without learning what makes it tick. [ due to the time constraint- not an objection to learning ]
I andnbsp;thought I had read the same, as you mentioned, that POV renders single frames, but POVray having animation settings and clock controls made me wonder-including andquot;animation off andquot; on the main edit page.
andnbsp;

Hi Les,
No problem, I just need more time, getting behind with modeling stuff- you know. andnbsp;]
andnbsp;Thanks, KB. andnbsp;

Thanks for the info- all the programs look useful-I like the SaverWIZ.
andnbsp;Les,
andnbsp;Thats the section I was reading, thanks, KB.

KB,
PovRay will run an animation(once I think) file, and I believe it produces multiple image files of the animation. I hope I’m remembering this correctly. You should then be able to use something like IrfanView to do a slideshow of the images, or SaverWIZ to create a screensaver if you like. I’m sure there are many other good programs(as Markku stated), that would let you create AVI’s etc.

From the PovRay Help Files;
[BLOCKQUOTE class=’ip-ubbcode-quote’][font size=’-1′]quote:[/font][HR]
5.2.1 andnbsp;Animation Options
Internal animation loop, automatic output file name numbering and the ability to shell out to the operating system to external utilities which can assemble individual frames into an animation, greatly improved the animation capability. The internal animation loop is simple yet flexible. You may still use external programs or batch files to create animations without the internal loop.

5.2.1.1 andnbsp;External Animation Loop
Clock=n.n Sets clock float identifier to n.n
+Kn.n Same as Clock=n.n

The Clock=n.n option or the +Kn.n switch may be used to pass a single float value to the program for basic animation. The value is stored in the float identifier clock. If an object had a rotate [0,clock,0] attached then you could rotate the object by different amounts over different frames by setting +K10.0,+K20.0… etc. on successive renderings. It is up to the user to repeatedly invoke POV-Ray with a different Clock value and a different Output_File_Name for each frame.

5.2.1.2 andnbsp;Internal Animation Loop
Initial_Frame=n Sets initial frame number to n
Final_Frame=n Sets final frame number to n
Initial_Clock=n.n Sets initial clock value to n.n
Final_Clock=n.n Sets final clock value to n.n
+KFIn Same as Initial_Frame=n
+KFFn Same as Final_Frame=n
+KIn.n Same as Initial_Clock=n.n
+KFn.n Same as Final_Clock=n.n

The internal animation loop relieves the user of the task of generating complicated sets of batch files to invoke POV-Ray multiple times with different settings. While the multitude of options may look intimidating, the clever set of default values means that you will probably only need to specify the Final_Frame=n or the +KFFn option to specify the number of frames. All other values may remain at their defaults.

Any Final_Frame setting other than -1 will trigger POV-Ray’s internal animation loop. For example Final_Frame=10 or +KFF10 causes POV-Ray to render your scene 10 times. If you specified Output_File_Name=file.tga then each frame would be output as file01.tga, file02.tga, file03.tga etc. The number of zero-padded digits in the file name depends upon the final frame number. For example +KFF100 would generate file001.tga through file100.tga. The frame number may encroach upon the file name. On MS-DOS with an eight character limit, myscene.pov would render to mysce001.tga through mysce100.tga.

The default Initial_Frame=1 will probably never have to be changed. You would only change it if you were assembling a long animation sequence in pieces. One scene might run from frame 1 to 50 and the next from 51 to 100. The Initial_Frame=n or +KFIn option is for this purpose.

Note: if you wish to render a subset of frames such as 30 through 40 out of a 1 to 100 animation, you should not change Initial_Frame or Final_Frame. Instead you should use the subset commands described in section andquot;Subsets of Animation Framesandquot;.

Unlike some animation packages, the action in POV-Ray animated scenes does not depend upon the integer frame numbers. Rather you should design your scenes based upon the float identifier clock. By default, the clock value is 0.0 for the initial frame and 1.0 for the final frame. All other frames are interpolated between these values. For example if your object is supposed to rotate one full turn over the course of the animation, you could specify rotate 360*clock*y. Then as clock runs from 0.0 to 1.0, the object rotates about the y-axis from 0 to 360 degrees.

The major advantage of this system is that you can render a 10 frame animation or a 100 frame or 500 frame or 329 frame animation yet you still get one full 360 degree rotation. Test renders of a few frames work exactly like final renders of many frames.

In effect you define the motion over a continuous float valued parameter (the clock) and you take discrete samples at some fixed intervals (the frames). If you take a movie or video tape of a real scene it works the same way. An object’s actual motion depends only on time. It does not depend on the frame rate of your camera.

Many users have already created scenes for POV-Ray 2 that expect clock values over a range other than the default 0.0 to 1.0. For this reason we provide the Initial_Clock=n.n or +KIn.n and Final_Clock=n.n or +KFn.n options. For example to run the clock from 25.0 to 75.0 you would specify Initial_Clock=25.0 and Final_Clock=75.0. Then the clock would be set to 25.0 for the initial frame and 75.0 for the final frame. In-between frames would have clock values interpolated from 25.0 through 75.0 proportionally.

Users who are accustomed to using frame numbers rather than clock values could specify Initial_Clock=1.0 and Final_Clock=10.0 and Frame_Final=10 for a 10 frame animation.

For new scenes, we recommend you do not change the Initial_Clock or Final_Clock from their default 0.0 to 1.0 values. If you want the clock to vary over a different range than the default 0.0 to 1.0, we recommend you handle this inside your scene file as follows…

andnbsp;#declare Start andnbsp; andnbsp;= 25.0;
andnbsp;#declare End andnbsp; andnbsp; andnbsp;= 75.0;
andnbsp;#declare My_Clock = Start+(End-Start)*clock;

Then use My_Clock in the scene description. This keeps the critical values 25.0 and 75.0 in your .pov file.

Note: more details concerning the inner workings of the animation loop are in the section on shell-out operating system commands in section andquot;Shell-out to Operating Systemandquot;.

5.2.1.3 andnbsp;Subsets of Animation Frames
Subset_Start_Frame=n Set subset starting frame to n
Subset_Start_Frame=0.n Set subset starting frame to n percent
Subset_End_Frame=n Set subset ending frame to n
Subset_End_Frame=0.n Set subset ending frame to n percent
+SFn or +SF0.n Same as Subset_Start_Frame
+EFn or +EF0.n Same as Subset_End_Frame

When creating a long animation, it may be handy to render only a portion of the animation to see what it looks like. Suppose you have 100 frames but only want to render frames 30 through 40. If you set Initial_Frame=30 and Final_Frame=40 then the clock would vary from 0.0 to 1.0 from frames 30 through 40 rather than 0.30 through 0.40 as it should. Therefore you should leave Initial_Frame=1 and Final_Frame=100 and use Subset_Start_Frame=30 and Subset_End_Frame=40 to selectively render part of the scene. POV-Ray will then properly compute the clock values.

Usually you will specify the subset using the actual integer frame numbers however an alternate form of the subset commands takes a float value in the range 0.0 [=n.nnn [=1.0 which is interpreted as a fraction of the whole animation. For example, Subset_Start_Frame=0.333 and Subset_End_Frame=0.667 would render the middle 1/3rd of a sequence regardless of the number of frames.

5.2.1.4 andnbsp;Cyclic Animation
Cyclic_Animation=bool Turn cyclic animation on/off
+KC Turn cyclic animation on
-KC Turn cyclic animation off

Many computer animation sequences are designed to be run in a continuous loop. Suppose you have an object that rotates exactly 360 degrees over the course of your animation and you did rotate 360*clock*y to do so. Both the first and last frames would be identical. Upon playback there would be a brief one frame jerkiness. To eliminate this problem you need to adjust the clock so that the last frame does not match the first. For example a ten frame cyclic animation should not use clock 0.0 to 1.0. It should run from 0.0 to 0.9 in 0.1 increments. However if you change to 20 frames it should run from 0.0 to 0.95 in 0.05 increments. This complicates things because you would have to change the final clock value every time you changed Final_Frame. Setting Cyclic_Animation=on or using +KC will cause POV-Ray to automatically adjust the final clock value for cyclic animation regardless of how many total frames. The default value for this setting is off.

5.2.1.5 andnbsp;Field Rendering
Field_Render=bool Turn field rendering on/off
Odd_Field=bool Set odd field flag
+UF Turn field rendering on
-UF Turn field rendering off
+UO Set odd field flag on
-UO Set odd field flag off

Field rendering is sometimes used for animations when the animation is being output for television. TVs only display alternate scan lines on each vertical refresh. When each frame is being displayed the fields are interlaced to give the impression of a higher resolution image. The even scan lines make up the even field, and are drawn first (i.e. scan lines 0, 2, 4, etc.), followed by the odd field, made up of the odd numbered scan lines are drawn afterwards. If objects in an animation are moving quickly, their position can change noticeably from one field to the next. As a result, it may be desirable in these cases to have POV-Ray render alternate fields at the actual field rate (which is twice the frame rate), rather than rendering full frames at the normal frame rate. This would save a great deal of time compared to rendering the entire animation at twice the frame rate, and then only using half of each frame.

By default, field rendering is not used. Setting Field_Render=on or using +UF will cause alternate frames in an animation to be only the even or odd fields of an animation. By default, the first frame is the even field, followed by the odd field. You can have POV-Ray render the odd field first by specifying Odd_Field=on, or by using the +UO switch.

[HR][/BLOCKQUOTE]

Hope this was what you were looking for,
Les